Enquanto a população sofre com o novo coronavírus, o governo Bolsonaro aproveita a pandemia para acelerar a privatização de refinarias da Petrobras. A medida pode provocar desabastecimento.
De acordo com reportagem de Dayane Ponte (TVT), um acordo entre o Conselho Administrativo de Defesa Econômica (Cade) e a Petrobras foi formado recentemente para a venda de refinarias no Norte, Nordeste e Sul do país. Estudo da Pontifícia Universidade Católica (PUC) do Rio de Janeiro apontou impactos, em médio e em longo prazo, da privatização dessas unidades.
"Em uma primeira etapa fizemos uma análise das áreas de influência das refinarias que estão sendo ofertadas pela Petrobras. São oito refinarias colocadas para privatização", afirma o professor Antônio Márcio Thomé, do Departamento de Engenharia Industrial da PUC-Rio.
"Numa segunda etapa nós buscamos entender como o mercado estaria reagindo a essa iniciativa de privatização. Não necessariamente se aumenta a competitividade pela privatização. A segunda grande conclusão que nós tiramos do estudo foi da necessidade de estabelecimento de período de transição com regras claras. E também reforço dos órgãos reguladores de controle", disse ainda.
Ele entende que qualquer transição deve se dar protegendo o aumento de competitividade e o barateamento do combustível para o consumidor.
No acordo para venda dos ativos há uma determinação de que refinarias localizadas na mesma região não sejam adquiridas pelo mesmo comprador ou por empresas do mesmo grupo econômico para evitar monopólio. Mas é possível que a concorrência seja limitada ou até mesmo que determinadas regiões não sejam atendidas.
Atratividade dos ativos
"Você precifica os ativos a partir da expectativa do fluxo de caixa que eles vão gerar no futuro. E com a deterioração do preço dos derivados, tanto no mercado nacional como no internacional, você de fato tem um impacto na precificação dos ativos. A Petrobras vai sentir. Isso provavelmente faz com que alguns dos possíveis compradores que estariam dispostos a entrar no processo não entrem, você diminui as empresas interessadas nesses ativos", afirma o pesquisador Henrique Jager, do Inep. Ele entende que é grande a possibilidade de serem criados pequenos monopólios regionais
Para Deyvid Bacelar, coordenador da Federação Única dos Petroleiros (FUP), nenhuma empresa vai ter interesse em vender combustíveis em áreas remotas do sertão do Nordeste, ou áreas remotas no Norte do país.
Segundo a Agência Nacional do Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis (ANP), as refinarias respondem por quase 40% da operação de importação de gás de cozinha. A privatização pode provocar desabastecimento porque o sistema de integração, atualmente promovido pela Petrobras, das oito refinarias pode acabar se cada uma delas passar para grupos diferentes. Segundo Deyvid, isso também vai repercutir no preço ao consumidor.
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Fonte: Seu Jornal
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